Международные отношения

This article explores the key features of the foreign policy of four European dwarf states that managed to retain their status as independent political and territorial entities by the start of the 20th century: the Principality of Andorra, the Principality of Liechtenstein, the Principality of Monaco, and the Most Serene Republic of San Marino. The study highlights how, due to their similarities in size and historical circumstances, these states’ foreign policies not only share common traits, but have also evolved in similar ways over time.

The article is devoted to the rivalry between France and Russia in North Africa in the 2010s, when the spread of the Arab Spring in the region distorted the existing political landscape. France’s policy in North Africa, as well as Russia’s interests and objectives in the region are considered. The author notes the changing political and economic ties between the North African states and global actors in the context of the increasing frequency of crises in the global energy sphere and the gradual deterioration of the political situation between the EU and Russia. 

In this article the author analyzes the historical and legal origins of the formation of bilateral relations between Azerbaijan and Turkey. The political events of the early twentieth century are considered, as a result of which the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR) was formed, as well as the political discourse in Azerbaijani society on the development of Azerbaijani-Ottoman relations. The result of the development of such political dialogue was the rapprochement and conclusion of a number of agreements between the ADR and the Ottoman Empire.

The article examines the policy of Great Britain in the Mediterranean region in the years preceding the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. The author turns to the analysis of British economic interests in the Mediterranean and the activities of the government in the interwar period. It is shown that the relatively soft position of Great Britain in relation to Italian expansion was dictated by economic and political circumstances.

The article examines how Presidents of Weimar Republic F. Ebert and P. von Hindenburg created forecasts and planes towards Soviet Russia in 1920s, diversity of their opinions also focuses on German perception of the soviet elite, stereotypes and images that affects German policy.

The article is devoted looks and activity of folk commissar on foreign affairs George Vasilievich Chicherin in the field of soviet east policy. On the basis of the archived documents an author exposes or specifies the role of Chicherina in several events 1920-kh, related to becoming and development of relations of Soviet Russia with its east neighbours. Many of these documents are entered in a scientific turn first.

The article by Y.N. Rabinovich is dedicated to that period in the Time of Troubles in the Russian North which hadn’t been studied in detail by other historians – the talks in Ladoga, followed by the making of the Stolbov agreement. The article covers in detail the development of the talks on the background of quickly changing military and political situation, the main event of which was a march of Charles Gullenalm for Pskov.