Russian peoples were able takes two tasks in war of 1812: 1) to wake up hate against the conqerors and to keep citizens in obedience to the authorites; 2) to carry out wars service as well as regular army. The supreme power was afraid of armed peasants and was not interested to do militia striking army. Peoples activity permitted Tzar to require of rule class to offer their property and not to criticize the political course.The author is analysing secret circulats of the Home office of Russia.1806 and 1812 years the talk tzar with I. Erenstrem before battle of Borodino and reports of governors and commanders of militia. Militia of districts of Petersburg and Novgorod were able carry out task № 2. Tzar Aleksandr had forsed to equip combatants all nesesary arms. That is why they wage war as regular troupes. But militia of districts round Moscow carried out only the task №1.