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The article considers some unknown pages of the history of left bank Saratov in 1650–1674. Special attention is paid to using the direct road along the land from Saratov to Moscow to deliver different goods and for other purposes. A list of foreign visitors that ventured to go this way from Saratov to Moscow is presented for the first time. The role of constructing Simbirsk fort and the grounds of building Penza for this land route are emphasized. The interest of Board of secret affairs and the Tsar Aleksey Mihailovich himself is shown.

The article considers unknown pages of the history of the left-bank Saratov in 1616–1674. Special attention is paid to the characterization of sources about events in Saratov during this period. For the first time, the most comprehensive list of all currently known published sources on the left bank of Saratov is presented. It was concluded that this list of sources can be significantly replenished as a result of targeted searches in the archives, first of all of the RGADA, the main funds in which these sources can be found are noted.