XIV век

The article examines the directions and forms of socio-economic interaction between London and provincial towns of England in 1350– 1370 based on the material of the original sources. It is shown that the main sphere in their relationship was trade, which was implemented in various organizational forms, with extensive use of commodity and monetary credit. Also, the field for interaction was the return of runaway apprentices who left the masters in London and found refuge in different cities of England.

В статье анализируются попытки представителей городских советов Фландрии наладить отношения с унаследовавшим графство в 1346 г. Людовиком Мальским. Фламандские города ожидали от своих правителей проведения устраивавшей их политики. В первую очередь, это касалось отношений с Англией, от которой во многом зависело их экономическое благосостояние. Пытаясь улучшить испорченные после убийства Якоба ван

The article on the material of wills examines the social side of the life of Londoners in the era of the late Plantagenets. The author finds out that the majority of testaments refers to a professional community: to merchants and mongers, to artisans and workers in the service sector, as well as to the nascent intelligentsia and administrative apparatus. These categories are disproportionate – the majority of testators belong to the merchants and craftsmen of the townspeople.